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Head & Neck Cancer
Group of cancers starting in mouth, nose, throat, larynx, or salivary glands.
Overview
Most are squamous cell carcinomas starting in moist surfaces of head and neck. Tobacco and alcohol use are main risk factors, along with HPV infection (especially in oropharynx).
Varied Symptoms
- A sore in mouth that doesn't heal or red/white patch on gums or tongue.
- Persistent sore throat or feeling of something stuck.
- Hoarseness or voice changes.
- Difficulty or pain swallowing or chewing.
- A painless lump or mass in the neck.
- Persistent ear pain or unusual nasal congestion.
Functional Approach
Treatment seeks to eliminate cancer while preserving critical functions like speaking and swallowing.
Surgery
Removal of tumor and sometimes neck lymph nodes.
Radiotherapy & Chemotherapy
Often used combined as main treatment or after surgery.